Título del artículo:

Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Excess Body Fat Exhibit Atypical Sympathetic Autonomic Modulation That is Partially Reversed by Aerobic Physical Training

Objective: The aetiology of impairments in autonomic modulation of heart rate variability (HRV) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains unclear, as does the impact of aerobic physical training (APT) on controlling endocrine-metabolic disorders and HRV. This is because these women often present excess body fat. Therefore, we assessed whether the dysregulation in autonomic modulation of HRV in women with PCOS is due to endocrine-metabolic disorders and whether the combination of excess body fat with endocrine-metabolic disorders amplifies cardiovascular autonomic deficits. We also investigated whether APT positively influences autonomic modulation of HRV in PCOS. Design: Non-randomised clinical trial. Participants: Women with and without PCOS with different percentages of body fat. Measurements: Participants were divided into four groups: women without PCOS with a body fat percentage between 22% and 29% (CONTROL group; 22%–29%); CONTROL (30%–37%) group; PCOS (22%–29%) group; and PCOS (30%–37%) group. Hemodynamic, metabolic, and hormonal characteristics and HRV parameters were obtained before and after 16 weeks of APT. Results: The PCOS (22%–29%) group exhibited lower vagal modulation than the CONTROL (22%–29%) group. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between the CONTROL (30%–37%) and PCOS (30%–37%) groups. Furthermore, the PCOS (30%–37%) group demonstrated lower sympathetic modulation than the PCOS (22%–29%) group. After APT, the PCOS (22%–29%) group increased in vagal modulation, while the PCOS (30%–37%) group increased in sympathetic modulation. Conclusion: PCOS affects vagal modulation; however, this effect may be masked at elevated levels of body fat. Additionally, the combination of excess body fat with endocrine-metabolic dysregulation appears to reduce sympathetic modulation, possibly due to sympathetic drive hyperactivity. APT positively affected HRV in both PCOS groups.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Clinical Endocrinology

Título del artículo:

Community-based model for management and follow-up by non-physician healthcare workers to improve awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension: The COTRACO study protocol

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide, with a significantly higher burden in low- and middle-income countries. Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, remains under-diagnosed and poorly controlled, especially in regions such as Latin America. The HOPE-4 study demonstrated that the involvement of non-physician health workers (NPHWs), the use of standardized treatment algorithms, the provision of free antihypertensive drugs and home follow-up can significantly improve hypertension control and reduce cardiovascular risk, as demonstrated in Colombia and Malaysia. On this basis, the COTRACO study aims to address the barriers to hypertension treatment in low- and middle-income countries by implementing a similar standardized treatment approach delivered by non-specialist health workers. Methodology: The COTRACO study is a quasi-experimental, parallel-group, non-randomized, before-and-after study. A community-based model will be implemented in 600 patients in Colombia and the Dominican Republic, involving NPHWs to: 1) apply standardized treatment algorithms, 2) promote adherence to healthy lifestyles, and 3) provide standardized pharmacological treatment. Propensity Score Matching will be used to select 300 patients in Chile and 1200 in Spain for comparison with standard care in these populations. Expected outcomes: The primary outcome at 12 months of follow-up is the percentage of patients achieving controlled hypertension (defined as systolic BP < 140 mmHg and diastolic BP < 90 mmHg, or < 130 mmHg, and diastolic BP < 80 mmHg for diabetic patients), ensuring it is not inferior to that achieved in the control countries. Secondary outcomes include changes in BP levels, cholesterol levels, BMI, handgrip strength, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking status, Interheart risk score, diet, and physical activity at 6 and 12 months. Recommendations: If this model demonstrates superior outcomes compared to usual care, it is recommended that health authorities in low- and middle-income regions adopt and implement this approach. Using non-medical health professionals, standardized treatment algorithms and free access to antihypertensive medications, these regions can significantly improve awareness, diagnosis and management of hypertension. This strategy has the potential to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, thereby improving overall public health outcomes.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Heliyon

Título del artículo:

Beef cows with larger vulvar width have greater antral follicle count, viable oocytes, and higher circulating AMH

Owing to the low heritability of reproductive traits, the search for markers and their interrelationship that could indicate reproductively superior individuals is important in the selection process for bovine reproductive efficiency. This study aimed to investigate the possible interrelationships between the antral follicle count (AFC), vulvar-width (VW), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations, fertility in Bos Taurus and Bos Indicus females. Brahman (Bos Taurus-Indicus, n = 126) and Simmental and Angus (Bos Taurus-Taurus, n = 155) cows were classified as having large (≥86 mm) and small (<86 mm) VW. From each group, one blood sample per animal was collected to determine the AMH serum concentrations. The GLIMMIX procedure in SAS® was used to determine whether vulva width (VW) and AMH classes, associated or not with breed, could influence the age at first calving (FCA), calving to first service interval (CFSI), calving interval (CI), number of services per pregnancy (SP), and number of viable oocytes (VO). Antral follicle count (AFC) (36.10 ± 1.90 vs. 22.78 ± 1.64, for large and small VW, respectively), AMH (1.17 ± 0.07 vs. 0.48 ± 0.007 ng/mL), and viable oocytes or VO (18.86 ± 1.76 vs. 10.15 ± 1.49) were greater (P < 0.05) in the large VW than in the small VW. Brahman cows had greater AFC (36.30 ± 1.34 vs. 22.09 ± 1.67), VW (106.94 ± 15.83 vs. 69.78 ± 14.11 mm), and AMH (1.18 ± 0.07 vs. 0.42 ± 0.05 ng/mL) compared to that of taurine cows. In conclusion, VW was an efficient predictor of AFC and AMH concentrations in both genetic groups, but under the conditions of this trial no link could be detected between these variables and the reproductive indices studied.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Animal Reproduction

Título del artículo:

Effects of physical exercise on the lipid profile of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

During the climacteric period, the decline in ovarian hormones leads to changes in the lipid profile. Physical exercise is the main non-pharmacological recommendation for controlling lipid levels. However, the effects on the lipid profile in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women are incipient and inconclusive. In this context, we searched the Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for randomized clinical trials on the effects of exercise on the lipid profile of these women. We excluded studies that did not specify criteria for classifying the climacteric phase, that involved women undergoing hormone replacement therapy, or that examined combined treatments or acute effects of physical exercise. The meta-analysis indicated that general physical exercise increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (mean difference [MD]=4.89; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]=0.97 to 8.81) in perimenopausal women. For obese postmenopausal women, 16 weeks of aerobic training increased HDL-C levels (MD=3.88; 95%CI=0.56 to 7.20) and reduced total cholesterol (MD=–22.36; 95%CI=–29.67 to –15.05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (MD=–17.86; 95%CI=–25.97 to –9.75), whereas 12 weeks of resistance training increased HDL-C levels (MD=4.20; 95%CI=1.16 to 7.23) and decreased triglycerides (MD=–14.86; 95%CI=–26.62 to –3.09) and LDL-C levels (MD=–16.36; 95%CI=–28.05 to –4.67). Overall, the results showed that physical exercise regulated lipid profiles in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Specifically, 12 weeks of resistance exercise and 16 weeks of aerobic exercise improved the lipid profile of obese postmenopausal women.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

Título del artículo:

Adrenal insufficiency due to everolimus: a case report

Although rare, secondary adrenal insufficiency represents a serious complication in patients receiving treatment with mTOR inhibitors, such as everolimus. This drug is commonly used to prevent organ transplant rejection and to treat certain cancer types, but its impact on adrenal function is not always apparent. In the case presented, a 74-year-old man with a history of liver transplant and type 2 diabetes mellitus attended his routine medical check-up with no symptoms related to adrenal insufficiency. Despite his asymptomatic state, the medical team decided to study adrenal function because of the prolonged duration of everolimus treatment. The diagnostic tests included the measurement of 24-hour urine cortisol, which revealed low cortisol levels, thus confirming adrenal insufficiency. This finding is significant, as adrenal insufficiency can result in adrenal crises that, if not properly managed, can be potentially fatal. This case highlights the importance of endocrine surveillance in immunosuppressed patients, where the absence of symptoms should not lead to complacency. A proactive approach to evaluating adrenal function is crucial for identifying complications before they become emergencies. Early detection and appropriate treatment of adrenal insufficiency can significantly improve clinical outcomes and the quality of life for these patients. Therefore, it is recommended that physicians remain vigilant to the risks associated with the use of mTOR inhibitors and conduct regular adrenal function evaluations in this patient group.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Horizonte Medico

Título del artículo:

Human-Oriented Fuzzy-Based Assessments of Knowledge Graph Embeddings for Fake News Detection

In the era of information overload, distinguishing between real and fake news is a critical challenge, particularly in public social networking domains. For this purpose, an approach based on the synergy accomplished by a Neurosymbolic AI system, powered with Fuzzy Logic techniques, is introduced to achieve understandable fact-checking classification results. The work proposes a fact-checking approach based on Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE) techniques. It extracts the involved entities from textual data in the form of triples that, projected in a vector space, form graphs that effectively highlight contextual information. The classification results are interpreted by exploiting fuzzy set modelling, which aims to improve the presentation of the final results. Specifically, we use the Hits@N metric to design fuzzy variables whose linguistic terms reflect news distribution. Then, by exploiting fuzzy rule design, human-like classification performance evaluation is provided. Through experimental evaluation of the benchmark dataset, our approach shows its effectiveness in discriminating between real and fake news, enhanced by straightforward explanations driven by the fuzzy rule design.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Título del artículo:

Cardiovascular effects of household air pollution on cardiovascular diseases incidence

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the largest number of inhabitants on the planet are concentrated. Air pollution inside and outside the home by microparticles 2 5 (PM2·5) has become an important risk factor for the presence of CVD and other chronic non-communicable diseases, particularly in LMICs. The use of solid fuels as an energy source for cooking food and heating inside the home has negative effects not only on human health but also on the health of the planet, as it contributes to deforestation and the consequent effect on climate change. In this narrative review we update how air pollution inside the home from cooking food with firewood and charcoal impacts the risk of CVD, the factors that determine the use of these polluting fuels, and the actions necessary for the massive transition toward the use of non-polluting energy, highlighting the development of university research to offer a stove that uses green hydrogen as a non-polluting energy source.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis

Título del artículo:

Knowledge, attitudes, prevention and opinion of nursing professionals regarding COVID-19: analytical study

Objective: to analyze the relationship between the knowledge, prevention, attitudes and opinion of nursing professionals in adult intensive care units regarding COVID-19 and their sociodemographic and work characteristics. Method: cross-sectional, analytical study. 124 nursing professionals who worked in adult intensive care units after the COVID-19 pandemic were included. To measure the variables, the Awareness, Attitudes, Prevention and Perceptions of COVID-19 Outbreak among Nurses questionnaire was used. To identify differences between the groups, the following tests were used: Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U, Pearson correlation, and multiple analysis in logistic regression for each dimension. Results: participants with a workplace in private institutions showed a tendency towards better scores in awareness OR=3.92 (95%CI:1.50; 10.25), in prevention OR=8.93 (95%CI:3.12; 25.565), in attitude OR=2.77 (95%CI: 1.16; 6.58) and in perception with an OR= 19.65 (95%CI: 5.85; 65.94). In attitude, male participants showed a better result with OR=3.31 (95%CI: 1.18; 9.23) and in relation to perception, those who showed the best results were those with postgraduate studies as specialists OR=7.60 (95%CI: 1.73; 33.23). Conclusion: working in a private institution and having a postgraduate specialization degree were related to better scores in the dimensions of the scale.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

Título del artículo:

Comparison of dairy production based on feed of Pennisetum sp., Pennisetum purpureum and CIAT 36087

In dairy production systems, efficient pasture management is crucial for maximizing milk output while minimizing costs. However, many producers make decisions without considering the productive efficiency of different forage types. This research aims to address this gap by comparing the milk production and related expenses of Brown Swiss and Jersey cows fed with three types of grass: Maralfalfa (Pennisetum sp.), Cameroon (Pennisetum purpureum), and Mulato (CIAT 36087).The milk production and related expenses for generating one liter of milk from Brown Swiss and Jersey cows were compared when fed with Maralfalfa (Pennisetum sp.), Cameroon (Pennisetum purpureum), and Mulato (CIAT 36087) grasses. Productive and reproductive parameters affecting milk production were analyzed. Milk production of the cows under study was measured for one month when they were exclusively pasture–fed with Mulato grass. The group of 33 cows was randomly subdivided into three subgroups, each consisting of 11 cows, and each subgroup was assigned to consume a specific type of grass. This resulted in the Maralfalfa consumption group (SG1), the Cameroun consumption group (SG2), and the control group with Mulato pasture feeding (SG3). Daily milk production was recorded for six weeks, with standardized management and ad libitum feeding. Daily milk production for each cow was monitored and recorded over the six–week period. Highly significant differences (P<0.01) were observed among the three studied groups from the second week onward. The main difference was observed between SG1 and SG3. The highest productivity, with greater milk production volumes, was observed in cows consuming Maralfalfa. However, variables such as the service period, live weight, and number of calving performed better with Cameroon grass. Cost–benefit analysis favored the use of Mulato grass.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista Cientifica de la Facultad de Veterinaria

Título del artículo:

Effectiveness of the advanced stop line for motorcycles in Bucaramanga validated by means of a logistic regression model

Road traffic accidents are a significant public health concern worldwide, and it is essential that individual countries adopt distinct safety measures to safeguard vulnerable road users. The objective is to analyze traffic accidents occurring at Motorcycle Advanced Stop Lines by applying a Logistic Regression model. When a traffic accident occurs, a motorcycle is involved and is 15 times more likely to be of high severity compared to accidents with other road users. The implementation of this initiative requires political will. Furthermore, technical studies should support to regulate horizontal and vertical signage, which can be included in Colombia\'s road signage manual in the future.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Author Correction: Burdens of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages in 184 countries (Nature Medicine, (2025), 10.1038/s41591-024-03345-4)

Correction to: Nature Medicinehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03345-4, published online 6 January 2025. In the version of the article initially published, in the eighth paragraph of the Discussion, the text “Among large nations, the largest increases in SSB-related T2D burdens were in Mexico, Thailand and the United Kingdom, and in CVD burdens, Colombia, Nigeria, Thailand and Russia. These changes align with rises in SSB consumption in these nations12. Similarly, declining SSB-related cardiometabolic burdens in Brazil, the United States and the United Kingdom (for CVD) are consistent with their decreasing SSB consumption from 1990 to 202012” was incorrect and has now been updated to “Among largely populated nations, the largest increases in SSB-related T2D incidence was in Colombia, USA and Argentina; and in CVD incidence, Nigeria, Russia, Colombia and Thailand. These changes generally align with rises in SSB consumption in these nations, except in the US where slight declines in SSB consumption were offset by increased burdens of diabetes 12. Similarly, declining SSB-related cardiometabolic burdens in Turkey, Brazil, and the United States and the United Kingdom for CVD are consistent with their decreasing SSB consumption from 1990 to 202012.” Additionally, Supplementary Data 1 and 2 have been updated to remove decimals in values greater than 100. These corrections have been made to the HTML and PDF versions of the article.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Nature Medicine

Título del artículo:

Biological properties of Moringa oleifera: A systematic review of the last decade

Background: The growing incidence of chronic diseases such as cancer and the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms constitute one of the greatest health challenges of the 21st century. Therefore, it is critical to search for new therapeutic alternatives. Moringa oleifera is a plant well known for the properties of its phytocomponents and its role has been analyzed in a variety of fields, from medicine to biotechnology. Methods: In this work, the biological activity of Moringa oleifera in human health was explored through a review of 129 original articles published between 2010 and 2021 related to antitumor activity and its potential uses against chronic and infectious diseases. Results: Moringa oleifera extracts showed antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive and cytoprotective properties at neuronal, hepatic, renal and cardiac levels. Besides, cytotoxic effects, apoptotic and antiploriferative activity against several cancer cell lines has been demonstrated. On the other hand, the antimicrobial potential of M. oleifera was also evidenced, especially against multidrug-resistant strains. Conclusions: Hence, it is supported that there is a wide range of clinical entities in which Moringa oleifera exhibits significant biological activity that could contribute to counteracting metabolic, infectious and chronic diseases in a similar or improved way to the drugs traditionally used.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

F1000Research

Título del artículo:

Efficiency of Graphene Quantum Dots in Water Contaminant Removal: Trends and Future Research Directions

This review explores the efficiency and mechanisms of GQDs in removing contaminants from water, emphasizing their potential for environmental applications. GQDs possess unique physicochemical properties, such as a high surface area, tunable photoluminescence, and strong adsorption capacities, which enable the effective removal of diverse contaminants, including heavy metals, organic compounds, and dyes. Their electron-hole separation efficiency and functionalizability enhance their reactivity and selectivity. Notable findings include the integration of GQDs into advanced nanocomposites and supramolecular networks, significantly improving their adsorption and catalytic performance. However, challenges such as variability in synthesis methods, stability under environmental conditions, and the environmental impact of GQDs remain. Addressing these limitations and understanding the interaction mechanisms between GQDs and contaminants are critical. Future research should prioritize scalable green synthesis techniques, long-term environmental assessments, and optimized functionalization strategies to establish GQDs as a sustainable solution in water purification technologies.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Water (Switzerland)

Título del artículo:

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in the World of Finance: A Bibliometric Study

The current research focuses on how artificial intelligence (AI) is influencing decision-making, risk management, and the provision of financial services in the financial industry. The use of sophisticated algorithms, big data analytics, and machine learning has transformed the process of making financial forecasts, detecting fraud, and making investments. Globally, technological innovation has improved the efficiency and availability of top-notch financial services, but it has also brought up moral and legal concerns. The goal of the study, which used a bibliometric technique and the Scopus database, was to identify new scientific trends about the impact of artificial intelligence on finance. The results showed that, in recent years, there has been a notable annual rise in scholarly production on this issue of 3.62%. 464 writers and 207 sources were found to be engaged in these articles; the number of authors increased noticeably in 2020, 2011 and 2023. With 14% of publications, China dominated the world in scientific productivity, followed by the US, India, and other nations. The most pertinent journals in this topic were Sustainability (Switzerland) and Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, each of which had four articles. Universities that have contributed to the body of knowledge on this subject include Universitas Negeri Semarang, Uttaranchal University, and Spiru Haret University. Lebonte M., Irfan M., and Morrison were the most important authors; all three made a substantial impact. It was discovered that 2.29% of scientists working in this area interacted with scientists abroad. The report concludes by giving a summary of the current level of research on the effects of artificial intelligence in finance, highlighting areas of interest and emphasizing the significance of further research to solve problems and take advantage of opportunities in this rapidly developing field.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Communications in Computer and Information Science

Título del artículo:

Strategies for Citizenship Training in Ibero-America: A Systematized Review

The purpose of this article is to analyze the relevance of the educational policies implemented for citizen training, and to identify the methods and strategies used for training in citizen competencies and alternative citizenship in Ibero-America. Therefore, a systematized review of the literature of the last five years (2017-2022) was carried out. The Newman and Gough (2020) methodology, PRISMA Statement (2020) for systematized reviews and the evaluation instruments (JBI) were applied. The databases Scopus, Redalyc, and Dialnet were searched, where 50 articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results show different positions and controversies about the relevance of the educational policies implemented for citizenship training, as well as divergences regarding pedagogical methods and strategies used for citizenship training. The percentage of studies found are the following: strategies for training in alternative citizenship 20%, education for global citizenship 14%, pedagogical methods and strategies for training in citizenship 48% and relevance of educational policies for training in citizenship 18%. Studies on alternative citizenships agree and open debates on new training strategies such as critical, gender, cyberspace, social justice, intercultural, decolonial, and techno-social pedagogies. It is concluded that, in the context of fragile democracies, as the ones studied, the emergence of complex social problems and technological transformations are generating new training strategies for alternative citizenships; however, changes, new educational policies, and the implementation of innovative pedagogies are still required.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista de Investigacion Educativa

Título del artículo:

Effectiveness of an intervention to prevent child sexual abuse

Child sexual abuse prevention programs that focus on developing self-protective behaviors among children are highly significant as they address potential psychosocial impacts and the prevalence of sexual violence. There is also scientific evidence that supports their effectiveness. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 57 sixth-grade students to evaluate an intervention that involved educational workshops on the topics of sexual and reproductive rights, self-awareness, boundary setting and identifying dangerous situations. The Prudence Test was employed to verify the intervention\'s effect. A significant difference was found between the different groups (U = 805.000, p < .001; rbis = 0.983) and between pre- and post-intervention measures (W = 1.500, p < .001, rbis = -0.992) within the experimental group. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the intervention.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Ninez y Juventud

Título del artículo:

Knowledge diffusion as a key element in smart governance

This study examines the critical role of knowledge diffusion in smart governance within complex and globalized contexts, emphasizing its importance in driving technological advancement and fostering an information-driven society. By integrating smart governance with knowledge diffusion, the research aims to identify strategies for building a more equitable and inclusive society. A narrative review of documents from 2015 to 2023 was conducted using Boolean operators across major databases, followed by a rigorous selection and analysis using a traceability matrix. The findings highlight the innovative culture of smart governance, showcasing successful integration of citizen participation, public value creation, open government, and interorganizational collaboration. The results demonstrate that effective knowledge diffusion is essential for establishing robust governance systems that contribute significantly to economic and social development. The study concludes that embedding knowledge diffusion within smart governance frameworks can drive substantial societal improvements, promoting greater equity and justice.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia

Título del artículo:

2024 Latin American Society of Hypertension guidelines on the management of arterial hypertension and related comorbidities in Latin America

Hypertension is responsible for more than two million deaths due to cardiovascular disease annually in Latin America (LATAM), of which one million occurs before 70 years of age. Hypertension is the main risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting between 20 and 40% of LATAM adults. Since the publication of the 2017 LASH hypertension guidelines, reports from different LATAM countries have confirmed the burden of hypertension on cardiovascular disease events and mortality in the region. Many studies in the region have reported and emphasized the dramatically insufficient blood pressure control. The extremely low rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, particularly in patients with metabolic disorders, is a recognized severe problem in LATAM. Earlier implementation of antihypertensive interventions and management of all cardiovascular risk factors is the recognized best strategy to improve the natural history of cardiovascular disease in LATAM. The 2024 LASH guidelines have been developed by a large group of experts from internal medicine, cardiology, nephrology, endocrinology, general medicine, geriatrics, pharmacology, and epidemiology of different countries of LATAM and Europe. A careful search for novel studies on hypertension and related diseases in LATAM, together with the new evidence that emerged since the 2017 LASH guidelines, support all statements and recommendations. This update aims to provide clear, concise, accessible, and useful recommendations for health professionals to improve awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk factors in the region.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Hypertension

Título del artículo:

A Novel Supraglottic Suction Device in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the SUPRAtube innovation device in preventing ventilator associated events and fluid accumulation in the supraglottic region in patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) through orotracheal tubes. Methods: Multicenter, controlled, randomized, parallel, open-label clinical trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio of MV patients compared the use of the SUPRAtube elastomeric device with standard care and aspiration techniques. A series of computer-random numbers and centralized allocation with sealed envelopes were used. Setting: Adult patients (n=108; mean age: 63 yrs, range: 19–85) hospitalized in intensive care units of two centers, the Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia and the International Hospital of Colombia (Santander, Colombia), were included. All patients received MV through orotracheal tubes, were hemodynamically stable, had upper airway integrity according to fiberoptic bronchoscope findings, and had basic coagulation tests within acceptable risk criteria. Interventions: Comprehensive standard of care, including preventive strategies, medical therapy, positive pressure MV, and routine procedures for management of oropharyngeal and pulmonary secretions (humidification, patient mobilization, and airway suctioning), was compared with the standard of care plus continuous supraglottic suction with the new SUPRAtube device. Results: The study period reached five days before extubation (media 85±7 hours). The weight of the aspirated content was 415 g (P25;P75: 396;536) in the control group and 624 g (P25;P75: 469;824) in the SUPRAtube group (p<0.001), equivalent to a mean difference of 213 g (P25;P75: 55;569; +50%). The device did not induce adverse events. Conclusion: Continuous supraglottic aspiration using SUPRAtube is complementary, effective, safe, simple, and inexpensive and reduces the accumulation of oropharyngeal secretions in mechanically ventilated patients. The relevant clinical benefit in terms of preventing and improving tracheobronchitis earlier on was demonstrated by sequential fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Registration in Clinical Trials: The present study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT03573609.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Medical Devices: Evidence and Research

Título del artículo:

Homogeneity, dimensionality, convergent and nomological validity of the family APGAR among primary care users in Bucaramanga, Colombia

To conduct confirmatory factor analysis and examine the convergent and nomological validity of the family APGAR among primary care users in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods: A diagnostic technology study evaluated the performance of a health measurement scale without using a reference criterion, following the recommendations of the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) statement. A total of 243 Primary Care users aged >18 years from Colombia participated in the study. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and convergent and nomological validity tests were performed by comparing the family APGAR scores with the PHQ-9, PHQ-2, and HADS-A scores. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were between 0.89 and 0.91, and McDonald’s omega coefficients between 0.89 and 0.91, with adequate correlations (>0.70) for the items. APGAR presented a single factor with excellent goodness-of-fit indicators: x2 = 7.90, df = 5, p =.16, RMSEA = 0.04, TLI = 0.99, CFI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.01, and normalized chi-square = 1.58. The analysis of the convergent validity of the APGAR with the HADS-A, PHQ-9, and PHQ-2 scales presented inverse and moderate correlations with adequate indicators of nomological validity with depressive symptomatology. Conclusion:The Family APGAR instrument shows robust unidimensional structure, adequate nomological validity, high internal consistency, and acceptable convergent validity.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Family Social Work

Título del artículo:

Effect of two different types of exercise volumes on exercise capacity, physical activity, and quality of life in subjects undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a pilot study

Introduction. Phase II of cardiac rehabilitation includes 36 sessions of exercise over 12 weeks, an intervention format that seems to be based on historical practice and not scientific evidence. The objective was to evaluate the effect of two types of exercise volumes on exercise capacity, physical activity levels, and quality of life in subjects undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods. A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 17 subjects, who were randomly assigned into two groups. The first (n = 7) was trained for eight consecutive weeks, and the second (n = 10) for 12 weeks. The six-minute walk test, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the SF-36 were applied before starting the cardiac rehabilitation program at 8 and 12 weeks. Results. No significant differences were found between the intervention groups. The rise in VO2 max was only significant in the 8-week group. Both groups improved their distance walked and sedentary behaviour. The 12-week intervention group had improved the quality of life, specifically in physical functioning, and the 8-week intervention group in the domains of social, physical, and emotional functioning. Additionally, the percentage of participants meeting physical activity recommendations was higher in the 12-week cardiac rehabilitation group. Conclusions. The implication for clinical practice is that the exercise traditionally used in cardiac rehabilitation shows early changes in exercise capacity and quality of life. The results of the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour improved after 12 weeks of rehabilitation without the presence of adverse events.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Physiotherapy Quarterly

Título del artículo:

Self-Reported Prevalence of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Concerning Socioeconomic and Educational Factors: Analysis of the PURE-Ecuador Cohort

Background: The changing epidemiological landscape, marked by the increasing prominence of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs), underscores the need for studies that identify and analyze these conditions and their associated risk factors. This secondary analysis aims to describe the association between socioeconomic and educational characteristics and the prevalence of self-reported NCDs among participants in the PURE-Ecuador cohort in urban and rural populations of the Metropolitan District of Quito (MDQ), Ecuador. Methods: This secondary analysis is part of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. Data were collected from February to December 2018, including 2028 participants aged 35 to 70 years from different urban and rural areas of the MDQ. Data collection utilized standardized questionnaires administered in face-to-face interviews. Pearson’s chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess associations. Results: The self-reported prevalence of hypertension was 16.2%, rising to 32.7% in individuals over 60 years old. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 6.7%, coronary heart disease 1.3%, stroke 1.6%, heart failure 1.3%, COPD 0.4%, asthma 1.3%, and cancer 1.9%. Multimorbidity affected 5.9% of participants, with the highest rates in obese and older individuals (≥60 years). Adherence to medications was high for hypertension and diabetes mellitus but varied substantially between communities. Conclusions: The secondary analysis revealed significant disparities in the prevalence and management of NCDs in MDQ. The prevalence of self-reported NCDs in Quito, Ecuador, is significantly associated with age and body mass index (BMI). Older individuals, particularly those over 60 years, and obese participants demonstrated higher rates of NCDs and multimorbidity. While socioeconomic factors such as education and income showed some associations with NCD prevalence, these were less pronounced after adjusting for other variables. These findings highlight the importance of age-specific and obesity-focused interventions in addressing the burden of NCDs in this population.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Global Heart

Título del artículo:

Team based strategy to control hypertension

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista de la Federacion Argentina de Cardiologia

Título del artículo:

Single-pill combination therapy is the standard of care for hypertension, but it is time for the next step: Implementation

The GMRx2 trial1 in adults with high blood pressure (BP) demonstrated that after 12 weeks, a low-dose single-pill combination of telmisartan, amlodipine, and indapamide significantly reduced BP levels compared to several dual combinations (telmisartan with amlodipine, telmisartan with indapamide, or amlodipine with indapamide). Adverse events did not differ between the groups. This novel therapeutic option could improve high BP control.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Med

Título del artículo:

May Measurement Month 2022: Results from the global blood pressure screening campaign

Introduction Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the major contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global BP screening campaign, which aims to raise awareness of BP measurement and provide evidence to inform and influence related health policy. Methods This cross-sectional survey included individuals aged≥18 years recruited through opportunistic sampling at sites in 60 countries during MMM 2022. Each participant had three sitting BP measurements and a questionnaire was completed including demographics, comorbidities and lifestyle factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP≥140 mm Hg and/or a diastolic BP≥90 mm Hg (average of the second and third readings) or taking antihypertensive medication. Multiple imputation was used to estimate BP readings where any participant\'s BP readings were missing. Linear mixed effects models were used to identify associations between participant characteristics and systolic or diastolic BP. Results Of the 715 518 participants surveyed (excluding 50 200 self-measured home BP screenees recruited via the ZOE Health Study app), 257 421 (36.0%) were identified as hypertensive, of whom 57.6% were aware and 49.3% were on antihypertensive medication. Of all participants with hypertension, 26.1% were controlled to <140/90 mm Hg and 12.0% to <130/80 mm Hg. Of those taking antihypertensive medication, 52.7% were taking only one drug class, 52.9% were controlled to <140/90 mm Hg and 24.4% to 130/80 mm Hg. In total, 190 314 (26.6% of total surveyed, 73.9% of hypertensives) participants screened were found to have untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. Only 27.6% of treated hypertensive participants were taking a statin. Substantial coexistence of diabetes, overweight and hypertension was apparent among participants. Conclusions MMM confirms a high global burden of hypertension with low rates of awareness, treatment and control. In the absence of systematic BP screening in many countries, the results from MMM underscore the continued need for BP screening to detect and thereby control raised BP.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

BMJ Global Health