Título del artículo:

On some lower bounds for the permutation flowshop problem

The permutation flowshop problem with makespan objective is a classic machine scheduling problem, known to be NP-hard in the strong sense. We analyse some of the existing lower bounds for the problem, including the “job-based” and “machine-based” bounds, a bound from linear programming (LP), and a recent bound of Kumar and co-authors. We show that the Kumar et al. bound dominates the machine-based bound, but the LP bound is stronger still. On the other hand, the LP bound does not, in general, dominate the job-based bound. Based on this, we devise simple iterative procedures for strengthening the Kumar et al. and LP bounds. Computational results are encouraging. In particular, we are able to obtain improved lower bounds for the “hard, small” instances of Vallada, Ruiz and Framinan.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Computers and Operations Research

Título del artículo:

Sensitivity of Countermovement Jump Variables in Professional Rugby Union Players Within a Playing Season

ABSTRACT: Howarth, DJ, McLean, BD, Cohen, DD, and Coutts, AJ. Sensitivity of countermovement jump variables in professional rugby union players within a playing season. J Strength Cond Res 37(7): 1463-1469, 2023-The aim of this study was to explore the measurement sensitivity of a wide range of countermovement jump (CMJ) variables to a full European professional rugby union season. A secondary purpose was to compare 3 different data treatment methods for the calculation of CMJ variables. Twenty-nine professional rugby union players (mean ± SD; age 24 ± 4 years, height 183.7 ± 8.0 cm, body mass 101.6 ± 10.7 kg) completed a minimum of 12 CMJ testing sessions on Thursdays-a day preceded by a rest day and a minimum of 96 hours after a match-throughout a season. Measurement sensitivity, quantified by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), was determined for 74 CMJ variables and was calculated by dividing the signal, (week-to-week variation expressed as a coefficient of variation [CV%]) by the noise (interday test/retest reliability expressed as CV%). We also identified variables which had no overlap between the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the signal and the noise. The 3 data treatment methods for comparison were (a) mean output across 3 jump trials (Mean3), (b) single output from the trial with the highest jump (BestJH), and (c) the trial with the highest flight time to contraction time ratio (BestFTCT). Most variables had an SNR >1.0 (Mean3 = 60/74; BestFTCT = 59/74; BestJH = 48/74). Fewer variables displayed a nonoverlap of 95% CIs (Mean3 = 23/60; BestFTCT = 22/59; BestJH = 16/48). Most CMJ variables during a professional rugby season demonstrated a signal that exceeded measured noise (SNR > 1.0) and that using the Mean3 or BestFTCT data treatment methods yields a greater number of variables considered sensitive within a season (i.e., SNR > 1.0) than when using BestJH. We also recommend the calculation of the 95% CIs for both signal and noise, with nonoverlap indicative of a greater probability that the responsiveness of the variable at team level (i.e., SNR) also applies at the individual level. As sensitivity analysis is cohort and environment specific, practitioners should conduct a sensitivity analysis using internal signal and noise data to inform their own monitoring protocols.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of strength and conditioning research

Título del artículo:

Necrotizing gastritis as a rare complication in a pediatric patient with acute lymphoid leukemia

Necrotizing gastritis is an infrequent entity with unknown prevalence, the diagnosis is often inci-dental during exploratory laparotomy or autopsies of patients with acute abdomen. Objective: To present a clinical case of necrotizing gastritis, a rare entity that should be taken into account in the context of immunocompromised patients with associated risk factors. Clinical Case: 7-year-old male schoolboy diagnosed with T-precursor acute lymphoid leukemia, finishing induction chemotherapy cycle with PETHEMA 2013 protocol. He presented 12 days of symptoms characterized by epigas-tric abdominal pain and vomiting, initially acute pancreatitis was suspected, ruled out by normapancreatic enzymes and abdominal computed tomography. Due to suspicion of acid peptic disease associated with steroids, treatment with proton pump inhibitors and prokinetics was started. Consi-dering dyspepsia with alarm signs, such as progression of neutropenia, increased C-reactive protein and clinical deterioration, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed, compatible with necrotizing gastritis, confirmed by histopathology. He received pharmacological management, zero regimen and parenteral support, and progressive improvement was evidenced in imaging controlsAfter fasting for 30 days, enteral nutrition was started, well tolerated, with ambulatory follow-upAfter improvement, chemotherapy plan was completed, highlighting complete remission, withoucomplications after 2 years. Conclusion: Necrotizing gastritis is a rare entity, in the case described the risk factors were immunocompromise, previous management with corticosteroids and cytotoxic therapy, and possibly, exposure to stressful situations during hospitalization. Early diagnosis and treatment determined a favourable prognosis.

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Andes Pediatrica

Título del artículo:

Development model based on usability metrics for the construction of educational mobile applications

Through investment strategies that bet on educational quality, the Colombian government provides mobile devices to the country’s schools. However, the mobile applications in these devices need themes according to the context and educational level, usability, and UX / UI design. They do not promote an improvement in the teaching-learning process. The present work proposes a model so that non-programming teachers can develop mobile educational applications that generate in the student a good “user experience” with high rates of efficiency and satisfaction, and ease of learning. This descriptive study is applied in 10 public educational institutions. After evaluating 3 mobile educational applications with 20 students, it is obtained that the application that emanates from this model presents satisfactory results in each of the metrics that measure usability, where it obtained an efficiency of 88%; likewise, it was the most efficient and the one with the highest level of satisfaction with 82 points. In conclusion, the development model presented is functional, promotes the design of attractive educational mobile applications, uses techno-pedagogical elements, and responds to the needs of the academic context that requires it.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Ingeniare

Título del artículo:

Social entrepreneurship: key element in the transformation from fossil to hydrogen energy economies

The energy transition and the environmental impacts resulting from the use of fossil fuels are a reality materialized in different agreements and commitments by all economies worldwide; however, to achieve the goals and sustainable development, new forms of innovation are required to create space for new business models with significant social impacts, in such a way that economic, social, and environmental welfare is not sacrificed. The objective of the current study is to identify how social entrepreneurship enables the energy transition from fossil fuel-based economies to the creation of hydrogen-based economies. The research followed a descriptive qualitative methodology. Within the main results it was found that social entrepreneurship, in addition to fostering spaces for new business models, promotes the integration of actors and socioeconomic agents, which, applied to the different sectors to be decarbonized, would encourage investment oriented towards a fundamental change that leads to a zero-emission society and to the different collateral social improvements.

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Revista Venezolana de Gerencia

Título del artículo:

Clinical relationship between reactive arthritis and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A scoping review

Introduction: Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a monoarthritis or oligoarthritis that mainly affects the extremities, it can be related to bacterial or viral infections. Currently, COVID-19 has been linked to the development of arthropathies due to its inflammatory component. Objectives: A scoping review of the literature that describes the clinical characteristics of ReA in survivors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods: A systematic review based on the guidelines for reporting systematic reviews adapted for Prisma-P exploratory reviews and steps proposed by Arksey and adjusted by Levan. Experimental and observational studies published in PubMed and Scopus, English and Spanish, which answered the research questions posed, were included. Results: Twenty-five documents were included describing the main clinical manifestations of ReA in 27 patients with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The time from the onset of symptoms or microbiological diagnosis of COVID-19 to the development of articular and/or extra-articular manifestations compatible with ReA ranged from 7 days to 120 days. The clinical joint manifestations described were arthralgia and oedema, predominantly in knee, ankle, elbow, interphalangeal, metatarsophalangeal, and metacarpophalangeal joints. Conclusions: Arthralgias in the extremities are the main symptom of ReA in patients with a history of COVID-19, whose symptoms can present in a period of days to weeks from the onset of clinical symptoms or microbiological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Revista Colombiana de Reumatologia

Título del artículo:

Association Between Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Virulence Genes and Severity of Infection and Resistance to Antibiotics

Purpose: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most frequent bacterial infection. Some uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) genes have been associated with disease severity and antibiotic resistance. The aim was to determine the association of nine UPEC virulence genes with UTI severity and antibiotic resistance of strains collected from adults with community-acquired UTI. Patients and Methods: A case-control study (1:3) (38 urosepsis/pyelonephritis and 114 cystitis/urethritis) was conducted. The fimH, sfa/foc, cvaC, hlyA, iroN, fyuA, ireA, iutA, and aer (the last five are siderophore genes) virulence genes were determined by PCR. The information of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the strains was collected from medical records. This pattern was determined using an automated system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) was defined as resistance to three or more antibiotic families. Results: fimH was the most frequently detected virulence gene (94.7%), and sfa/foc was the least frequently detected (9.2%); 55.3% (83/150) of the strains were MDR. The evaluated genes were not associated with UTI severity. Associations were found between the presence of hlyA and carbapenem resistance (Odds ratio [OR] = 7.58, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50–35.42), iutA and fluoroquinolone resistance (OR = 2.35, 95% CI, 1.15–4.84, and aer (OR = 2.8, 95% CI, 1.20–6.48) and iutA (OR = 2.95, 95% CI, 1.33–6.69) with penicillin resistance. In addition, iutA was the only gene associated with MDR (OR = 2.09, 95% CI,1.03–4.26). Conclusion: There was no association among virulence genes and UTI severity. Three of the five iron uptake genes were associated with resistance to at least one antibiotic family. Regarding the other four non-siderophore genes, only hlyA was associated with antibiotic resistance to carbapenems. It is essential to continue studying bacterial genetic characteristics that cause the generation of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant phenotypes of UPEC strains.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Infection and Drug Resistance

Título del artículo:

Inclusive education. State of the art, research trends and challenges from the Systematic Review of the literature

The objective of this review article was to establish the state of the art and trends in the study of inclusive education, as well as the challenges of this education in the global context. It was a qualitative analysis, under the model of systematic review of the literature, using 20 digital scientific documents in the global context in the period 2017-2023. The analysis process is subdivided into two dimensions: the state of the art and the trends that support an epistemic and methodical orientation of future research. The analysis process is based on hermeneutics through the critical analysis of the documents taken as reference. It is concluded that the concept of inclusive education has not been transformed over time, especially if analysis approaches of the object of study have been integrated with health systems, education systems, global and sectoral public policies, and research. academics, evolving towards understanding disability from special educational needs, which deserve inclusive educational treatment.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

House Condition Scoring Scale as a Risk Indicator of Infestation by Aedes in Two Mexican Localities

Mexico has shown an increase in dengue incidence rates. There are factors related to the location that determine housing infestation by Aedes. This study aimed to determine factors associated with housing infestation by immature forms of Aedes spp. in the dengue endemic localities of Axochiapan and Tepalcingo, Mexico, from 2014 to 2016. A cohort study was carried out. Surveys and inspections of front- and backyards were conducted every 6 months, looking for immature forms of Aedes spp. A house condition scoring scale was developed using three variables (house maintenance, tidiness of the front- and backyards, and shading of the front- and backyards). Multiple and multilevel regression logistic analysis were conducted considering the housing infestation as the outcome and the household characteristics observed 6 months before the outcome as factors; this was adjusted by time (seasonal and cyclical variations of the vector). The infestation oscillated between 5.8% of the houses in the second semester of 2015 and 29.3% in the second semester of 2016. The factors directly associated with housing infestation by Aedes were the house condition score (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.40-1.91) and the previous record of housing infestation (aOR: 2.99; 95% CI: 2.00-4.48). Moreover, the breeding-site elimination done by house residents reduced the housing infestation odds by 81% (95% CI: 25-95%). These factors were independent of the seasonal and cyclical variations of the vector. In conclusion, our findings could help to focalize antivectorial interventions in dengue-endemic regions with similar demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

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The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

Título del artículo:

Influence of altitude on the morphology and weight of cocoa beans in the Northern department of Santander, Colombia

Cocoa production is a subject widely studied by researchers, however, the yield behavior and characteristics of cocoa beans at different altitudinal levels have been scarcely addressed in the published scientific literature. The objective of the research was to establish the relationship between the morphology and weight of cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao, L) in relation to 6 altitudinal gradients, from 0 to 1,200 m. a.s.l., in the department of Norte de Santander (Colombia). In each gradient, 5 farms were randomly selected and the 2019 and 2020 harvests were analyzed, for a total of 60 observations. Per sample, we determined the weights and percentage of hulls in 100 dry almonds (n=100) and morphology (length, width and thickness) in 20 dry almonds (n=20). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical estimators, analysis of variance and Tukey tests. The study determined a positive relationship between altitude, weight and morphology of the almonds with the highest values obtained in the gradient of 801-1000 m.a.s.l. (147.47 g ± 10.36 g) and the lowest between 0-200 m.a.s.l. (130.6 g ± 17.36 g). (130.6 g ± 17.40 g); in the morphology of the kernels, the gradient of 801-1000 m.a.s.l. obtained higher average volumes (2.766 cm3) and the gradient of 201-400 m.a.s.l., lower values (2.452 cm3). The percentage of husk evidenced an inversely proportional relationship with respect to altitude with low values in the gradient of 801-1000 m.a.s.l. (11.08% ± 0.79%) and high values between 201-400 m.a.s.l. (14.05% ± 0.79%) and 201-400 m.a.s.l. (14.05% ± 0.79% ± 0.79%). (14, 05% ± 0, 92%).

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

From fossil fuel energy to hydrogen energy: Transformation of fossil fuel energy economies into hydrogen economies through social entrepreneurship

Social entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in global sustainable development, enhancing the quality of life and preserving environmental, human, and social capital. However, when it comes to the energy transition, it faces numerous challenges and experiences conflicts in terms of costs, technological innovation, and public policies. This study seeks to illustrate one of the new alternative energy schemes which could replace fossil fuels in the future: hydrogen. This transformation would result in significant social impacts, leading to the question, “how should it be done?” Social entrepreneurship can integrate socio-economic actors and agents and help them to devise and implement new forms of energy innovation. Therefore, a descriptive qualitative methodology was implemented, that allows us to analyze the process of building entrepreneurship with a social vision and to propose a model that enables the transition from fossil economies to the hydrogen economies. Among the most significant results, the importance of the support of the three primary axes of each country and the role of social entrepreneurship as a key element for the transition stand out. The discussion contributes to the debate on the path that academia should lead, and the fundamental role of entrepreneurship based on social conscience as a driver of change.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Título del artículo:

Seed priming with microbial inoculants for enhanced crop yield

Advanced technologies are used in modern agriculture, aimed at maximizing crop yield and increasing agricultural output. Modern agriculture is facing new challenges in meeting rising food demands, remaining internationally competitive, and producing high-quality agricultural products. Seed priming is a physiological and presowing method in which seeds are moderately moistened to the point where pregermination metabolic pathways are activated, allowing for quick germination, growth of seedlings, and eventual yield under natural and stressed conditions. Biopriming is the use of a living microorganism’s inoculum to apply plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) to seeds. Over the last few decades, inoculation of PGPMs has proven to be a successful and environmentally acceptable approach to increasing the durability of food supply while limiting its ecological impact. This chapter highlights the methods of biopriming based on the superior solutions of PGPM inoculants as an alternative to chemical treatments in current agriculture, which are more eco-friendly for future farming.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Microbial Inoculants: Recent Progress and Applications

Título del artículo:

Role of women in the conservation of Cácota pottery as a cultural heritage of Norte de Santander Colombia within the framework of the orange economy

The objective of the research was to reconstruct the ancestral knowledge of ceramics in the municipality of Cácota de Velazco, department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. The methodological approach was based on the Interpretative Paradigm using qualitative methodology through Participatory Revaluation Research (PRI) by means of semi-structured interviews with an intentional sample of 7 women artisans of the community and the recording of the handicraft processes of elaboration of ceramic products. The reconstruction of ceramic knowledge made it possible to value and make visible the participation of women artisans in the cultural and economic activities of the municipality in products of new academic knowledge and in technical documents for institutions related to the development of public policies.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Treatment of acid mine drainage using filters made from steel dust

The treatment of acid mine drainage-AMD is necessary to mitigate the environmental impacts generated in the mining industries, because an inadequate and inefficient treatment system can potentiate a risk to both human health and the environment. In order to promote an innovative and economic method for the treatment of AMD aimed at neutralizing its pH, seven filters were built with steel-making dust and other materials, following the Design Thinking methodology. The results of the investigation showed a neutralization of the pH of a filtered HCl acid solution for twenty days in the built prototypes. The main result of the study showed that the filters built with steel-making dust can neutralize the pH of ADM, a consequence of the presence of calcareous material.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

A mathematical model and simulation scenarios for T and B cells immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a type 2 highly contagious, and transmissible among humans; the natural human immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 combines cell-mediated immunity (lymphocyte) and antibody production. In the present study, we analyzed the dynamic effects of adaptive immune system cell activation in the human host. The methodology consisted of modeling using a system of ordinary differential equations; for this model, the equilibrium free of viral infection was obtained, and its local stability was determined. Analysis of the model revealed that lymphocyte activation leads to total pathogen elimination by specific recognition of viral antigens; the model dynamics are driven by the interaction between respiratory epithelial cells, viral infection, and activation of helper T, cytotoxic T, and B lymphocytes. Numerical simulations showed that the model solutions match the dynamics involved in the role of lymphocytes in preventing new infections and stopping the viral spread; these results reinforce the understanding of the cellular immune mechanisms and processes of the organism against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection, allowing the understanding of biophysical processes that occur in living systems, dealing with the exchange of information at the cellular level.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Título del artículo:

Log-linear modeling between risk factors and interactions for human papillomaviruses infection and papanicolaou smear abnormalities

Modeling qualitative variables and their interactions often require multidimensional analysis through Log-linear models. Furthermore, these models are useful as alternatives in fields where probabilistic classification is required, such as speech recognition or pattern classification. This work uses log-linear modeling as a methodological approach to the analysis of 1114 valid cases of women participating in a human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer screening program, thus relating a public health problem to biophysical knowledge. The objective of the study was to evaluate the main effects and interactions between the variables compared to the independence model. A backward stepwise selection with a 5% probability of elimination was performed to arrive at the best hierarchical model starting on the covariates that were significant in a previous bivariate analysis. This allows us to understand how biophysical process modeling can identify biomarkers and propose prevention methods for human papillomavirus infection and Papanicolaou smear abnormalities.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Título del artículo:

Effect of plasma progesterone on competition for in vitro embryonic development of Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus cows

Studies have shown that progesterone has a direct effect on oocyte quality and early embryonic development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plasma progesterone (P4) concentration on in vitro embryo development in Bos taurus taurus (Holstein) and Bos taurus indicus (Gyr) cows. Multiparous Holstein and Gyr cows were used, and they were presynchronized with the application of two doses of D-cloprostenol with an interval of 11 days. They were latter distributed in one of three experimental groups induced to different plasma levels of progesterone: control group was synchronized using only D-cloprostenol without exogenous progesterone, low progesterone group received an auricular implant of norgestomet of second use, and high progesterone group received two new auricular implants of norgestomet. The plasma progesterone concentration was significantly different (P < 0.05) for both Holstein cows (0.22 ± 0.15, 2.23 ± 0.17 and 5.32 ± 0.22 ng/mL) and Gyr cows (0.24 ± 0.19, 2.05 ± 0.17, 4.85 ± 0.20 ng/mL) between control, low progesterone, and high progesterone groups respectively. Gyr cows presented differences (P < 0.05) in the cleavage rate of the low progesterone group in relation to the control and high progesterone groups (87.9 % ± 0.11 vs. 77.5 % ± 0.13 and 76.4 % ± 0.10, respectively) and in the variable blastocyst rate of the low progesterone group (48.3 % ± 0.16) in relation to the control group (35.8 % ± 0.10) and the high progesterone group (30.4 % ± 0.20). It is concluded that there is an effect of progesterone on embryonic development of Gyr cows. However, this effect is not evidenced in Holstein cows.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Ciencia Tecnologia Agropecuaria

Título del artículo:

Validation of an intervention to strengthen nursing students’ self-care

Introduction: Self-care is one of the concepts to be strengthened in future nurses from a learner-centered education perspective. Objective: To estimate the validation of an educational strategy through both experts and the target population judgment. Materials and Methods: The research followed a convergent parallel sequential mixed qualitative-quantitative approach. In the qualitative phase, analysis of lexical similarities and hermeneutic phenomenological analysis was carried out with six students. The quantitative phase included opinions from ten experts; CVI and arithmetic mean were calculated to assess pertinence, coherence, relevance, and clarity. The Brennan-Prediger coefficient was used for measuring agreement. Results: Relationships between action inducement and introspection of self-care behaviors are identified. Overall CVI was 0.96, with a mean of 3.7±0.4. Regarding agreement, the item ‘specific objectives’ was the one that showed a p-value of 0.054 and a coefficient of 0.37. Concerning clarity, the lowest mean (3.4±0.8) and CVI (0.8) values were observed. The remaining items have a p-value >0.05. Discussion: In validating the educational intervention by the experts, a content validity index was obtained with values higher than desirable. This result is similar to that reported by other authors whose information was rated as sufficient and necessary. Conclusion: The educational intervention has the criteria for content validity according to both experts and the target population, as manifested by the reflection on the transformation of some self-care behaviors in nursing students.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista Cuidarte

Título del artículo:

Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Health Workers During the Second Year of the Pandemic in Latin America: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic continues to affect the mental health of healthcare personnel in Latin America (LA). Objective: To estimate the prevalence of psychological disturbances and associated risk factors for mental health in healthcare personnel in LA during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This multicenter cross-sectional study included a total sample of 5437 healthcare professionals from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The PHQ-9, GAD-7, and a brief demographic questionnaire were used. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was estimated based on the cut-off points of the instruments. Two multivariate logistic regressions were performed. Results: A population burden of anxiety (40.1%) and depression (62.2%) was found in healthcare personnel in LA. Among professionals in Argentina (OR = 1.374; P<.001), those working in state hospitals (OR = 1.536; P<.003), frontline healthcare workers for COVID patients (OR = 1.848; P<.001), general practitioners (OR = 1.335; P<.001), and specialists (OR = 1.298; P<.001), a higher risk of experiencing mental disorders was observed. Among women, younger personnel, and administrative staff, a higher probability of experiencing anxiety and depression was identified. Conclusions: The burden of mental disorders on healthcare personnel in Latin America is alarming. Psychological support services are necessary, aimed at providing measures for professionals to develop healthy coping mechanisms that mitigate the impact of the pandemic on their well-being and facilitate post-crisis adjustment.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria

Título del artículo:

Validation of the market efficiency hypothesis in COLCAP stocks through the application of technical analysis

This study tests the technical analysis for the Colombian market through the application of 6 rules related to 11 COLCAP actions, and consists of three moments. Initially, the rules are used individually under the theoretical proposal established by each indicator for its calculation; next by means of two strategies combining the use of the rules is proposed, which are evaluated during the study period and afterwards. The results fail to achieve the performance shown by the passive strategy, supporting the hypothesis of weak efficiency in the Colombian stock market.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Cuadernos de Economia (Colombia)

Título del artículo:

Unintentionally retained foreign objects (URFOs): Adverse events influenced by the pandemic. A case series and literature review

Despite being recognized as a preventable serious adverse event more than a century ago, Unintentionally Retained Foreign Objects (URFOs) continue to occur. They, in fact, remain the second most common Sentinel Event (SE) reported to The Joint Commission (TJC). A large private Hospital, after many years of URFO-free practice, experienced four (4) cases of URFOs during a 12-month period (March 9, 2021–March 4, 2022). Three cases occurred in the Operating Room (OR), and one case occurred in Labor & Delivery. All four cases involved the abdomen. The URFO was a sponge in two cases, a retractor wrapped in a pad in one case, and a surgical specimen in one case. Our review confirmed that the characteristics of our cases were similar to those reported by the Joint Commission. The main contributing factor was the closure of the wound without performing the sponge/instrument count. This safety breach resulted from a combination of factors: the inexperience of the nursing staff caused by a dramatic 40% turnover during the pandemic, the lack of assigned responsibility to perform the counting, and the willingness of the surgeon to skip the count. To address the main factors, we implemented a multipronged approach that includes the following: standardization of the protocols of sponge counting, hand-off with shift change, and of double surgical team involvement; assignment of the counting responsibility to two nurses; and education of the new nurses and of independent practitioners about the OR procedures with monitoring of correct implementation.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management

Título del artículo:

Effects of an urban cable car intervention on physical activity: the TrUST natural experiment in Bogotá, Colombia

Background: Cable cars are part of the transport system in several cities in Latin America, but no evaluations of their effects on physical activity are available. TransMiCable is the first cable car in Bogotá, Colombia, and the wider intervention includes renovated parks and playgrounds. We assessed the effects of TransMiCable and the wider intervention on physical activity. Methods: The Urban Transformations and Health natural experiment was a prospective quasi-experimental study conducted from Feb 1, 2018, to Dec 18, 2018 (baseline, pre-intervention) and from July 2, 2019, to March 15, 2020 (post-intervention follow-up) in the TransMiCable intervention area (Ciudad Bolívar settlement) and a control area without TransMiCable (San Cristóbal settlement). A multistage strategy was used to sample households in each area, with one adult (aged ≥18 years) per household invited to participate. Eligible participants had lived in the intervention or control areas for at least 2 years and were not planning to move within the next 2 years. Physical activity was assessed among participants in the intervention and control areas before and after the inauguration of TransMiCable in Ciudad Bolívar with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long form) and with wearable accelerometers. Complete cases (those with baseline and follow-up data) were included in analyses. Respondents were classed as being physically active if they met 2020 WHO guidelines (≥150 min per week of moderate activity, ≥75 min per week of vigorous activity, or equivalent combinations); and accelerometery data were classified with the Freedson cut-points for adults. Data were also gathered in zonal parks (area ≥10 000 m2) and neighbourhood parks (area <10 000 m2) in the intervention and control areas by direct observation with the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities, to assess levels of physical activity before and after the TransMiCable intervention. Multilevel regression models were used to assess changes in physical activity associated with the TransMiCable intervention. Findings: Physical activity questionnaires were completed by 2052 adult participants (1289 [62·8%] women and 763 [37·2%] men; mean age 43·5 years [SD 17·7]) before the inauguration of TransMiCable. After the inauguration, the follow-up (final) questionnaire sample comprised 825 adults in the intervention group and 854 in the control group, including 357 adults in the intervention group and 334 in the control group with valid accelerometery data. 334 (40·5%) of 825 participants in the intervention group reported levels of physical activity that met the 2020 WHO guidelines during walking for transport before the intervention, and 426 (51·6%) afterwards (change 11·1 percentage points [95% CI 6·4 to 15·9]). A similar change was observed in the control group (change 8·0 percentage points [3·4 to 12·5]; adjusted odds ratio [OR] for the time-by-group interaction, intervention vs control group: 1·1 [95% CI 0·8 to 1·5], p=0·38). Time spent doing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, measured with accelerometers, did not change in the intervention group after the inauguration of TransMiCable (change –0·8 min per day [–4·6 to 3·0]) and did not change compared with the control group (adjusted β for the time-by-group interaction: 1·4 min per day [95% CI –2·0 to 4·9], p=0·41). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 52·1 min per day (SD 24·7) before and 59·4 min per day (35·2) after the inauguration of TransMiCable in new regular users who reported using TransMiCable during mandatory trips for work or education (n=32; change 7·3 min per day [–22·5 to 7·9]). After the intervention, an increase in the proportion of male individuals engaging in moderate or vigorous physical activity was observed in a renovated zonal park (adjusted OR for the time-by-group interaction, intervention vs control park: 2·7 [1·1 to 6·8], p=0·033). Female users of a renovated neighbourhood park were less likely to become engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity than female users of the control area neighbourhood park (adjusted OR for the time-by-group interaction: 0·4 [0·1 to 0·6], p=0·019). Interpretation: It is encouraging that walking for transport remained high in the TransMiCable intervention area when the use of private motorised transport had increased elsewhere in Bogotá. In low-income urban areas, where transport-related walking is a necessity, transport interventions should be focused on efforts to maintain participation in active travel while improving conditions under which it occurs. Funding: Wellcome Trust (as part of the Urban Health in Latin America project); Bogotá Urban Planning Department; Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation of Colombia; Universidad de Los Andes; Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá; and Universidad del Norte. Translation: For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

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The Lancet Global Health

Título del artículo:

Diet, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 80 countries

AIMS: To develop a healthy diet score that is associated with health outcomes and is globally applicable using data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study and replicate it in five independent studies on a total of 245 000 people from 80 countries. METHODS AND RESULTS: A healthy diet score was developed in 147 642 people from the general population, from 21 countries in the PURE study, and the consistency of the associations of the score with events was examined in five large independent studies from 70 countries. The healthy diet score was developed based on six foods each of which has been associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality [i.e. fruit, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, and dairy (mainly whole-fat); range of scores, 0-6]. The main outcome measures were all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events [cardiovascular disease (CVD)]. During a median follow-up of 9.3 years in PURE, compared with a diet score of ≤1 points, a diet score of ≥5 points was associated with a lower risk of mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63-0.77)], CVD (HR 0.82; 0.75-0.91), myocardial infarction (HR 0.86; 0.75-0.99), and stroke (HR 0.81; 0.71-0.93). In three independent studies in vascular patients, similar results were found, with a higher diet score being associated with lower mortality (HR 0.73; 0.66-0.81), CVD (HR 0.79; 0.72-0.87), myocardial infarction (HR 0.85; 0.71-0.99), and a non-statistically significant lower risk of stroke (HR 0.87; 0.73-1.03). Additionally, in two case-control studies, a higher diet score was associated with lower first myocardial infarction [odds ratio (OR) 0.72; 0.65-0.80] and stroke (OR 0.57; 0.50-0.65). A higher diet score was associated with a significantly lower risk of death or CVD in regions with lower than with higher gross national incomes (P for heterogeneity <0.0001). The PURE score showed slightly stronger associations with death or CVD than several other common diet scores (P < 0.001 for each comparison). CONCLUSION: A diet comprised of higher amounts of fruit, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, and whole-fat dairy is associated with lower CVD and mortality in all world regions, especially in countries with lower income where consumption of these foods is low.

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European heart journal

Título del artículo:

Attitudes, beliefs and knowledge on human immunodeficiency virus in university students in Colombia

Introduction: the human immunodeficiency virus is a disease whose influence has marked the population, cultural, economic, social and school development of the world. At present there are now major campaigns for its prevention; however, the rate of contagion in Colombia takes an upward trend in university students between the ages of 15 and 34. Objective: to analyze the knowledge, attitudes (positive and negative) and erroneous beliefs of university students in the city of Bucaramanga on human immunodeficiency virus infection. Materials and methods: cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study, with a reference population of 1,243 university students, active enrolled, between the ages of 15 and 34. A sample of 180 students was taken, applying a probabilistic sampling. Data collection was carried out, with prior informed consent, using the HIV/AIDS-65 Scale modified for Colombia. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: a total of 180 university students, with an average age of 25.61 years, responded to the survey. 71.1% of the respondents were single and women made up 55.5%. 83.8% had good knowledge about HIV; 11.94% had misconceptions about the disease; 22.96% showed negative attitudes; 30.53% did not consider themselves susceptible to contracting the disease, and 6.6% showed low levels of efficacy in prevention. Conclusions: knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus infection allows the improvement of attitudes, perceptions and beliefs regarding the disease, and positivity to the virus.

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Revista Medica Electronica

Título del artículo:

Spatial distribution of Exogyra boussingaulti of the Tibú-Mercedes Formation (Cretaceous: Aptian-Albian) in the Municipality of San Andrés (Santander: Colombia)

Exogyra boussingaulti was a reclining bivalve of soft sediments found in the Tibú-Mercedes Formation of the Lower Cretaceous in the Municipality of San Andrés (Santander: Colombia). On the ecology of E. boussingaulti very little is known in reproduction, dispersal or predation aspects, for this reason, it was determined the spatial distribution of this species through the calculation of three indices of dispersion from the data obtained from a grid drawn in a block of 2 m2. With this results was possible to infer that E. boussingaulti had a distribution in unconcentrated patches (Clumps) determined probably by its reproductive cycle and limited by competition for food at the intraspecific level. In the same way, this article is presented as a teaching strategy that contributes to the educational process of geological sciences students and with the solution to short questions in paleobiology.

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Innovaciencia