Título del artículo:

Evaluation of anti-Candida effect of Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes by variation of coordinating environment. Synthesis and characterization of modifying of 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol complexes

Pursuing development of metal complexes featuring improved antifungal activity, here we account for the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of triazole-based Co(II) (compounds: 2, 4) and Cu(II) (3, 5) complexes. The characterization of these compounds established that all complexes exhibit stoichiometries of 1:1 between the metal center and multidentade ligand, namely 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol (1), with complementary chloride (compounds: 2, 3) and acetate (4, 5) ligands. The isolated multidentate ligand (1) and 3–5 were obtained as air-stable solids, while 2 showed significant moisture absorption after 24 h, as determined by infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, computational calculations for 2 and 3, allows evaluation of the probable geometries. Our results recognize cobalt complexes as significant antifungal molecular species for potential treatment of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and N. glabrata. These complexes demonstrated greater activity compared to the free ligand, with [Co{1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol-N,N}(CH3COO)2] (4) showing minimum inhibitory concentrations values between 7.81 and 125 μg mL^-1. It is noteworthy that 4 showed no toxicity in mammalian cells and no mutagenic effects, suggesting a favorable safety profile. These results, provides strong basis for the further design and explorative synthesis of novel candidates to tackle biological pathogens by using highly tailorable transition metal complexes.

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Journal of Molecular Structure

Título del artículo:

Molecular evidence reveals the absence of wMel Wolbachia in Apis mellifera bees from urban areas of Medellín (Colombia) with large-scale release events of infected Aedes aegypti

Between 2016 and 2017, Medellín implemented a biological control strategy to reduce Aedes aegypti populations by inoculating them with Wolbachia (wMel), a bacterium that induces sterility in insects. While horizontal Wolbachia transmission has been reported in insects, including bees, Colombia lacks a monitoring program to assess its impact after large-scale mosquito releases. This study investigated the presence of Wolbachia in Apis mellifera from urban areas with A. aegypti release events (2018–2019) and rural areas as controls. Molecular analysis of the WSP gene in 240 samples confirmed the absence of Wolbachia in all specimens, challenging the hypothesis of its prevalence in urban environments. However, these findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring to evaluate the interaction between bees, their environment, and human activities.

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Journal of Apicultural Research

Título del artículo:

Trigeminal nerve microstructure is linked with neuroinflammation and brainstem activity in migraine

Although the pathophysiology of migraine involves a complex ensemble of peripheral and CNS changes that remain incompletely understood, the activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system are believed to play a major role. However, non-invasive, in vivo neuroimaging studies investigating the underlying neural mechanisms of trigeminal system abnormalities in human migraine patients are limited. Here, we studied 60 patients with migraine (55 females, mean ± standard deviation age: 36.28 ± 11.95 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (19 females, age: 35.45 ± 13.30 years) using ultra-high field 7 T diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, in addition to PET with the translocator protein ligand ¹¹C-PBR28. We evaluated MRI diffusivity measures and the PET signal at the trigeminal nerve root, in addition to the brainstem functional MRI response to innocuous ophthalmic trigeminal nerve territory stimulation. Patients with migraine demonstrated altered white matter microstructure at the trigeminal nerve root (n = 53), including reduced fractional anisotropy, in comparison to healthy controls (n = 18). Furthermore, in patients, lower fractional anisotropy was accompanied by higher neuroinflammation (i.e. elevated ¹¹C-PBR28 PET signal) at the nerve root (n = 36) and by lower functional MRI activation in an ipsilateral pontine cluster consistent with the spinal trigeminal nucleus (n = 51). These findings were more robust on the right side, which was consistent with the observation that right headache-dominant patients demonstrated higher migraine severity in comparison to left headache-dominant patients in our cohort. Multimodal imaging of the integrated neural mechanisms that characterize migraine underscores the importance of trigeminal system remodelling as both a key aspect of the dynamics underlying migraine pathophysiology and a target for therapeutic interventions. The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved.

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Brain

Título del artículo:

Impact of different acute low back pain definitions on the predictors and on the risk of transition to chronic low back pain: A prospective longitudinal cohort study

Inconsistencies in the identification of predictors for the transition from acute low back pain (aLBP) to chronic LBP (cLBP) may be attributed to the varying definitions of aLBP used in different studies. We investigated how adopting different aLBP definitions affects the set of predictors and the risk of transition to cLBP (LBP > 3 months that caused a problem for at least half the days in the past 6 months). We leveraged data from the ongoing prospective Quebec Low Back Pain Study to compose 3 aLBP groups at baseline: nonchronic (individuals not meeting the cLBP criteria, n = 788), acute (LBP < 3 months, n = 230), and new episode (LBP < 3 months preceded by ≥3 pain-free months, n = 182). The primary outcome was the transition to cLBP at 6 months. We built predictive models within groups using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm to identify key predictors, focusing on models discrimination and calibration. Risks of transition were 35.8%, 44.3%, and 45.6%, for the nonchronic, acute, and new episode groups, respectively. Pain intensity, disability, and depression emerged as consistent predictors across definitions. The acute and new episode models, but not the nonchronic, were considered clinically useful (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.7), with the latter displaying better calibration and increased performance after adjustment to pain duration. These findings highlight the importance of standardizing aLBP definitions to improve risk stratification and targeted early interventions. Clearer definitions can enhance predictive accuracy, ensuring more effective resource allocation and preventive strategies for individuals at risk of developing chronic pain.

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Pain

Título del artículo:

The burden of cardiovascular events according to cardiovascular risk profile in adults from high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a cohort study

Background: Current strategies to prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes focus primary prevention in high-risk groups and secondary prevention in people with known cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the proportion of events occurring in lower-risk groups globally. Methods: We included people aged 40 years to younger than 75 years who were enrolled in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, which is an ongoing, international, prospective, population-based cohort study that started recruiting adults from households selected to be broadly representative of the sociodemographic composition of their communities. We prospectively documented fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, or any other fatal cardiovascular event stratified by history of cardiovascular disease and by the 10-year predicted disease risk scores based on WHO 2019 laboratory risk tables (<10% [low], 10% to <20% [intermediate], and ≥20% [high]) in people without previous cardiovascular disease from 26 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries. Outcome event rates were standardised for the cohort\'s age and sex distribution. Findings: Between July 11, 2000, and May 6, 2019, 128 973 participants were included from 26 countries (mean age 53·6 years [SD 8·2]; 75 858 [58·8%] were female and 53 115 [41·2%] were male). We observed 11 483 outcome events affecting 8·9% of the cohort during a median follow-up of 12·3 years (IQR 9·8–14·6). Among participants, 89 508 (69·4%) had a low cardiovascular disease risk, 22 363 (17·3%) had an intermediate cardiovascular disease risk, and 5529 (4·3%) had a high cardiovascular disease risk, while 11 573 (9·0%) had known cardiovascular disease. The age-standardised and sex-standardised cardiovascular disease incidence rates per 1000 person-years was 4·1 (95% CI 4·0–4·2) in the low-risk group, 17·7 (15·2–20·2) in the intermediate-risk group, and 40·8 (25·1–56·4) in the high-risk group. Overall, 41% of outcome events occurred in cardiovascular disease-naive participants at low risk. The proportion of adverse cardiovascular outcomes occurring in this low-risk group was inversely related to country income level (32% in high-income, 38% in middle-income, and 54% in low-income countries) and was higher in women (51%) than in men (32%). Interpretation: To achieve a substantial population-level reduction in cardiovascular disease, a fundamental change is needed, so that preventive strategies for cardiovascular disease extend beyond those at high or even intermediate predicted risk to include those at considered to be at low risk. Funding: The funding bodies are listed in the appendix (p 29).

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Lancet Global Health

Título del artículo:

Injury to the right long thoracic nerve in a male patient with no history of trauma. a case report

The idiopathic injury of the long thoracic nerve is a rare cause of dysfunction in the serratus anterior muscle, which can lead to winged scapula, a condition that affects scapular stability and shoulder functionality. While it is often associated with factors such as trauma or surgery, in many cases, the etiology remains unknown, presenting a diagnostic challenge. We present the case of a patient with shoulder weakness and winged scapula, with a diagnosis of idiopathic injury confirmed through electromyography and nerve conduction studies. The initial treatment was conservative, with progressive improvement, highlighting the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate management to prevent severe functional limitations.

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Gaceta Medica Boliviana

Título del artículo:

UNGUEAL MELANOMA: A DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGE IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION

Among cutaneous melanomas, acral lentiginous melanoma is one of the rarest subtypes, accounting for approximately 2-8% of cases in adults. In the pediatric population, its clinical presentation tends to be more aggressive and may appear atypical, making early diagnosis particularly challenging. Given the rarity of this melanoma type in children, a high level of clinical suspicion is required from the initial evaluation, with incisional or excisional biopsy remaining the diagnostic gold standard. We report the case of a 3-year-old male preschooler with a presumptive positive Hutchinson\'s sign suggesting subungual melanoma on the left hallux. Histopathological analysis through biopsy was key to establishing the definitive diagnosis.

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Revista De La Asociacion Colombiana De Dermatologia Y Cirugia Dermatologica

Título del artículo:

Use of a 10 eV monochromatized krypton lamp for ultraviolet photoelectron spectrometry

A method for the monochromation of an ultraviolet lamp for photoelectron spectrometry using a temperature-controlled magnesium fluoride filter is presented. Typically, open optical path helium discharge lamps are used as the light source for this technique, requiring complex differential pumping systems. A simple alternative solution using a sealed krypton resonance lamp with an independently heated magnesium fluoride glass filter is described. By heating the this output filter to 170–180 °C, its short wavelength transmittance limit is shifted, selectively blocking the 116.5 nm low intensity resonance line while maintaining transparency to the main line of 123.6 nm (10.03 eV). Validation of the method through work function measurements on polycrystalline copper samples yielded values of 4.6 ± 0.1 eV, consistent with data reported in the literature. This technique offers a more accessible and less complex solution for spectrometry laboratories without compromising measurement accuracy.

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Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy

Título del artículo:

Integrated Behavioral and Proteomic Characterization of MPP+-Induced Early Neurodegeneration and Parkinsonism in Zebrafish Larvae

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) combine accessible behavioral phenotypes with conserved neurochemical pathways and molecular features of vertebrate brain function, positioning them as a powerful model for investigating early neurodegenerative processes and screening neuroprotective strategies. In this context, integrated behavioral and proteomic analyses provide valuable insights into the initial pathophysiological events shared by conditions such as Parkinson’s disease and related disorders—including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and synaptic impairment—which emerge before overt neuronal loss and offer a crucial window to understand disease progression and evaluate therapeutic candidates prior to irreversible damage. To investigate this early window of dysfunction, zebrafish larvae were exposed to 500 μM 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺) from 1 to 5 days post-fertilization and evaluated through integrated behavioral and label-free proteomic analyses. MPP⁺-treated larvae exhibited hypokinesia, characterized by significantly reduced total distance traveled, fewer movement bursts, prolonged immobility, and a near-complete absence of light-evoked responses—mirroring features of early Parkinsonian-like motor dysfunction. Label-free proteomic profiling revealed 40 differentially expressed proteins related to mitochondrial metabolism, redox regulation, proteasomal activity, and synaptic organization. Enrichment analysis indicated broad molecular alterations, including pathways such as mitochondrial translation and vesicle-mediated transport. A focused subset of Parkinsonism-related proteins—such as DJ-1 (PARK7), succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA), and multiple 26S proteasome subunits—exhibited coordinated dysregulation, as visualized through protein–protein interaction mapping. The upregulation of proteasome components and antioxidant proteins suggests an early-stage stress response, while the downregulation of mitochondrial enzymes and synaptic regulators reflects canonical PD-related neurodegeneration. Together, these findings provide a comprehensive functional and molecular characterization of MPP⁺-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae, supporting its use as a relevant in vivo system to investigate early-stage Parkinson’s disease mechanisms and shared neurodegenerative pathways, as well as for screening candidate therapeutics in a developmentally responsive context.

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International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Título del artículo:

Characterization of antibiotic prescription in intensive care units according to the Access, Watch, and Reserve classification

Introduction: The inappropriate use of antibiotics in intensive care units poses risks, such as increased infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria and adverse reactions. The World Health Organization\'s strategy, named Access, Watch, and Reserve, aims to mitigate these risks by categorizing antibiotics into these categories. Objective: To characterize antibiotic consumption in the adult population of intensive care units during the first quarter of 2023. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on patients in intensive care units was conducted. A bivariate and multivariate analyses with logistic regression were carried out. Results: 807 intensive care unit patients were studied, with a median age of 60 years. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the most prescribed antibiotic. According to the Access, Watch, and Reserve classification, 77.96% of prescriptions fell into Watch category, 11.29% into Reserve, and 10.75% into Access. Discussion: Antibiotic use in intensive care units is crucial for managing critically ill patients. Our study focuses on the challenges of antibiotic selection, complication management, and emphasizes antimicrobial stewardship for optimal therapy and reduced resistance. Conclusion: It is crucial to conduct an intervention study to demonstrate how increasing interaction of the antimicrobial stewardship team during prescription can enhance antibiotic use, reduce side effects, and decrease unnecessary costs.

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Revista Cuidarte

Título del artículo:

Big data en salud: innovación transformadora o desafío ético en la atención médica

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Gaceta Medica De Bilbao

Título del artículo:

The Silent Burnout of the General Practitioner in Rural Areas

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Revista Del Hospital Psiquiatrico De La Habana

Título del artículo:

Ultra-Processed Grains and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study

Background:Ultra-processed grains, commonly consumed in Western diets, undergo refining processes that often remove beneficial components and include additives to enhance taste, texture, or durability, potentially influencing gastrointestinal health. This study examines the association between ultra-processed grain consumption and the risk of developing IBD using data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study.Methods:This analysis included 124,590 participants from 21 countries who had dietary data available in the PURE study. Dietary intake was assessed through validated food frequency questionnaires, and ultra-processed grain intake was categorized into three levels. The primary outcome was the development of IBD, including Crohn\'s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), adjusting for confounders including age, sex, smoking status, eating habits, and physical activity.Results:Among 124,590 participants, higher ultra-processed grain intake was associated with increased IBD risk. Participants consuming ≥19g/day of ultra-processed grains had a higher risk of developing IBD compared to those consuming <9g/day [HR: 1.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26-2.61), ptrend=0.0003] after multivariate adjustment. Fresh bread and rice consumption were associated with lower IBD risk. Participants with greater ultra-processed food intake (≥ 5 servings/day) were linked to a higher risk of developing IBD compared to those consuming <1 serving/day [HR: 3.95 (95% CI: 2.74-5.71), ptrend<0.0001].Conclusion:Higher intake of ultra-processed grains is associated with significantly increased risk of developing IBD. A healthy eating pattern should minimize consumption of ultra-processed grains. Further studies should be performed to understand which components of ultra-processed grains may be detrimental for health.

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American Journal of Gastroenterology

Título del artículo:

Evaluating the co-digestion of bovine and goat excreta for biogas generation using a tubular biodigester in Valledupar, Cesar

As the transition toward decentralized renewable energy becomes more urgent in rural Colombia, biogas production through anaerobic digestion presents a sustainable solution for waste valorization and energy access. This study evaluated the co-digestion of bovine and goat manure using a tubular biodigester under real operating conditions at La Esperanza farm in Valledupar, Cesar. Laboratory-scale biomethanization potential (BMP) assays identified a 75:25 goat-to-bovine ratio as optimal, reaching a methane (CH₄) yield of 0.1978 m³ CH₄ per kilogram of volatile solids (kgVS). Due to livestock availability, the full-scale implementation used a 75:25 bovine-to-goat mixture, resulting in 0.17 m³ CH₄/kgVS and 53.7 % CH₄ concentration, compared to 0.14 m³ CH₄/kgVS and 55.5 % CH₄ in mono-digestion. Physicochemical analysis showed that mono-digestion had greater organic matter removal—10.98 % volatile solids (VS) and 19.66 % total solids (TS)—compared to 4.72 % and 0.3 % in co-digestion. Both processes maintained stable pH (7.6–7.9), optimal volatile fatty acids/total alkalinity (VFA/TA) ratios, and no hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) generation, confirming system stability. The biodigester replaced up to 80 % of traditional fuels and reduced carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions by 3–6 tons per year, with estimated annual savings of COP 650,000. No kinetic modeling was required, as BMP consistency between lab and field validated system predictability. This study demonstrates the feasibility of anaerobic digestion for small-scale energy production, emphasizing the importance of substrate availability, pretreatment of goat manure, and balanced feedstock design. Its results provide evidence-based guidance for implementing biodigesters in similar rural contexts to promote energy access, waste reduction, and environmental sustainability.

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Results in Engineering

Título del artículo:

Determinant factors affecting quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a medical condition that presents significant challenges in immediate care, as well as in managing the sequelae following the event. Post-infarction quality of life is often diminished. Objetive: Evaluate the changes in the quality of life of patients with AMI treated at a high-complexity institution. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with patients from a high-complexity institution between 2021 and 2023. The EQ-5D-3L quality of life scale (EuroQol 5D)® was applied during hospitalization and one month after discharge. Likewise, sociodemographic, and clinical variables were collected with which multivariate logistic regression models were constructed for each of the dimensions. Statistical analyses were performed in STATA 16. Results: A total of 1007 participants met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 66 years (57-74), 68.02% were men, elementary school education level (59.15%) and main antecedent was hypertension (68.42%). In the analysis by dimensions, an association was found with negative changes with female sex, older age, history of diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and Killip III and IV classification, as well as medical management and surgical revascularization compared to percutaneous coronary intervention. Conclusions: This study identifies key factors affecting the quality of life in survivors of AMI. While overall improvements are observed, significant deterioration is highlighted in specific dimensions, particularly in women and those with diabetes, kidney disease, and coronary disease.

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Revista Colombiana De Cardiologia

Título del artículo:

Consumption of cocaine and cardiovascular diseases in young adults

Cocaine use at the national and international levels is currently a public health problem related to high mortality and morbidity rates. The increase in cocaine usage in the last decades in young adults has caused multiple medical problems related to its consumption. Although some alterations have been demonstrated in all systems of the organism, it is especially in the cardiovascular system where cocaine exerts its greatest effects which can be as serious as death. This drug may induce arrhythmias, coronary vasospasm, myocardial ischemia, acute myocardial infarction, and sudden death. In the following article, we made a descriptive review of the effects of cocaine on the different body systems while emphasizing the cardiovascular effects that are associated with higher mortality, so as to provide an updated and complete information of this phenomenon that affects a large part of the world’s population and above all, the young population.

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Revista Colombiana De Cardiologia

Título del artículo:

Expert consensus on vaccination as a primary prevention strategy for women of reproductive age, pregnant, or adulthood

Objective: To generate recommendations for vaccinating women at different stages of their lives, in order to reduce potential variability in current use in Colombia. Materials and Methods: The guideline development group consisted of professionals from the health sector. All participants submitted written conflict-of interest declarations. Answerable clinical questions were formulated, outcomes were graded, and a literature search was conducted in Medline/PubMed, Embase, and LILACS. The search also included grey literature sources and was updated on May 14, 2024, with no restrictions on date or language. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to determine the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations. Due to the limitations of the retrieved studies—particularly concerning the applicability of the evidence—expert opinion was sought. Formal consensus was achieved following the RAND/UCLA methodology (RAND Corporation/ University of California, Los Angeles). Prior to publication, the document underwent peer review. Results: The following recommendations were developed: 1. The development group suggests that women who are not immune to mumps, measles, or rubella (e.g., IgG negative) should be vaccinated during the preconception period. Quality of evidence: low ⨁⨁◯◯ 2. The development group suggests that all women in the preconception period be vaccinated against varicella if they lack confirmed natural immunity (e.g., negative varicella-zoster virus IgG antibodies). Quality of evidence: very low ⨁◯◯◯ 3. The development group suggests that women living in yellow fever endemic areas be vaccinated during the preconception period if they have not been previously immunized. Quality of evidence: very low ⨁◯◯◯ 4. The development group suggests that adolescent girls and young adult women receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, 3 doses (0.2 and 6 months) to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Quality of evidence: moderate ⨁⨁⨁◯ 5. The development group suggests that pregnant women be immunized against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis during pregnancy to reduce infection risk in both the mother and newborn. Quality of evidence: low ⨁⨁◯◯ 6. The development group suggests influenza vaccination at any stage of pregnancy to reduce infection risk in the mother and in infants up to six months of age. Quality of evidence: very low ⨁◯◯◯ 7. The development group suggests maternal COVID-19 vaccination at any stage of pregnancy to reduce the risk of hospitalization and death of the mother and the newborn during the first four months of life. Quality of evidence: very low ⨁◯◯◯ 8. The development group suggests vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during pregnancy to reduce hospitalization risk in the newborn. Quality of evidence: very low ⨁◯◯◯ 9. The development group suggests that older adult women be vaccinated against herpes zoster to reduce morbidity associated with this condition. Quality of evidence: moderate ⨁⨁⨁◯ 10. The development group suggests that older adult women receive influenza vaccination to reduce the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI). Quality of evidence: moderate ⨁⨁⨁◯ 11. The development group suggests that older adult women be vaccinated against pneumococcus to reduce the incidence of pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease. Quality of evidence: low ⨁⨁◯◯ 12. The development group suggests that older adult women be vaccinated against RSV to reduce the incidence of ARI and lower respiratory tract infections. Quality of evidence: low ⨁⨁◯◯ 13. The development group suggests that older adult women living in yellow fever endemic areas be vaccinated if they have not been previously immunized. Quality of evidence: very low ⨁◯◯◯ Conclusions: Vaccination is recommended as a primary prevention strategy throughout the different stages of a woman\'s life. Given the quality of the available evidence and the significant limitations in the applicability of some studies—particularly among pregnant women—further research is needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this intervention during this stage of life.

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Revista Colombiana De Obstetricia Y Ginecologia

Título del artículo:

Analysis of the environmental impact of fuel hydrotreating through life cycle assessment and process data

This study evaluates the environmental impact of an industrial diesel hydrotreating (HDT) unit using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based on two years of process data. The data were preprocessed and clustered using the k-means algorithm, with the silhouette coefficient identifying dominant clusters or operating modes. Each mode was analyzed based on operating variables, and LCA phases were applied using the Eco-indicator 99, considering both average values and intervals of utility consumption and emissions. These intervals provide a more comprehensive representation of industrial performance. The results identified two operating modes: Mode 1, characterized by higher reactor temperatures, pressures, and hydrogen-to-feed ratios, achieving lower sulfur diesel on average; and Mode 2, operating at lower severity, producing diesel with higher sulfur content while consuming fewer resources on average. LCA analysis showed that at the average conditions Mode 1 had a 5.4% higher impact than Mode 2, primarily driven by hydrogen demand in the “Natural Resources” category, while electricity consumption significantly affected “Human Health”. The environmental burden increased with severity, with impact intervals rising by 72% (Mode 1) and 82% (Mode 2) from the least to the most severe operating conditions. A linear correlation was observed between sulfur content and environmental impact, with increases of 0.17 MPt/year per ppm (Mode 1) and 0.23 MPt/year per ppm (Mode 2). Additionally, a comparison with untreated diesel combustion suggests that, under certain conditions, avoiding hydrotreatment could result in a lower overall impact. These findings challenge low sulfur diesel policies, as stringent sulfur reductions significantly increase hydrogen and energy consumption.

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Energy Conversion and Management

Título del artículo:

Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma of the Scalp: A Rare Case Report

Background: Extraosseous Ewing sarcomas account for approximately 20%–30% of all Ewing sarcomas. Among these, 5%–10% occur in the head and neck region, representing approximately 1%–3% of all Ewing sarcomas. Methods: We report the case of a 33-year-old female patient with a progressively enlarging mass in the frontal scalp over the course of 18 months. The lesion had previously been surgically excised twice, with benign pathology reports on both occasions. Given the imaging findings suggestive of malignancy, a diagnostic surgical resection was performed. Results: Histology and immunophenotyping were compatible with extraosseous Ewing sarcoma; therefore, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were administered. Conclusions: This represents the seventh reported case of primary involvement of the scalp; and the first reported in Latin America.

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Head and Neck

Título del artículo:

Complications and clinical factors associated with pediatric percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in a Colombian cohort

Introduction: Malnutrition significantly impairs both physical and cognitive function, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in patients lacking a safe and effective route for enteral nutrition. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy offers a minimally invasive solution for long-term enteral nutrition in pediatric patients, with a lower risk of perioperative complications compared to surgical alternatives. Objective: To evaluate the frequency, timing, and clinical factors associated with postoperative complications following pediatric percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Methods: A retrospective analytical cohort study was conducted, including pediatric patients (≤18 years) who underwent Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement between January 2018 and December 2024. Bivariate analyses and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to assess the frequency of complications and complication-free survival time. Results: A total of 86 pediatric patients underwent Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy during the study period, of whom 12 (14%) experienced major postoperative complications. The median age was 4.53 years (interquartile range: 1.56–9.46 years). The most frequent major complication was Buried Bumper Syndrome, observed in 9 patients (10.47%). Minor complications included mild peristomal infection (8.14%) and feeding intolerance (5.81%). A complication-free survival of 96.73% (95% CI: 87.26–99.19) by day 12 and 69.35% (95% CI: 45.33–84.43) by day 40 was determined. Discussion: This study underscores the importance of systematic nutritional assessment and optimized post-operative care to reduce complications following PEG in pediatric patients. The high incidence of Buried Bumper Syndrome calls for more stringent follow-up protocols, especially in resource-limited settings. Close monitoring during the early post-operative period can prevent complications.

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Frontiers in Pediatrics

Título del artículo:

The positive impact of the Life\'s Essential 8 in the prevention of incident heart failure

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European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

Título del artículo:

Incidence, evolution and clinical behavior of pseudocholelithiasis associated with ceftriaxone in children

Ceftriaxone-associated pseudocholelithiasis is common but underdiagnosed in children, occurring in up to half of those receiving ceftriaxone. Although self-limiting, it is frequently accompanied by symptoms. Objective: To report the incidence, course, risk factors, and clinical behavior of pseudocholelithiasis in children receiving ceftriaxone. Patients and Method: Prospective, descriptive, observational case series study. Patients aged 1 month to 18 years who received ceftriaxone were included. Clinical follow-up and hepatobiliary ultrasound were performed at the start of treatment and every 5 days until complete resolution. Association with risk factors was explored. Statistics used included Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Eighty patients were included, 51.2% were male, median age 4.5 years (range 5 months to 17 years). The prevalence of pseudocholelithiasis was 35% (28 patients), documented in 6 and 27 patients during the first and second ultrasound (21.4% and 96.4%). Pseudocholelithiasis was significantly more frequent in the age group older than 5 years, those with lower fluid intake, obese, overweight, and very rare in malnourished patients (all p < 0.05). Twelve patients presented abdominal pain as a cardinal symptom (42.9%). The mean duration of the stones was 19.1 (5-44) days. Conclusion: Ceftriaxone-associated pseudocholelithiasis is common, occurring in 1 out of 3 children who receive it. Its main risk factors were age over 5 years, lower fluid intake, overweight, and obesity. Abdominal pain is frequent, and the progression was self-limited.

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Andes Pediatrica

Título del artículo:

Perceived Barriers and Facilitators in Cardiovascular Risk Management in Colombia: A Qualitative Analysis of the RE-HOPE Study

Introduction: Low medication adherence and low hypertension control are a public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Healthcare system- and patient-related barriers hinder the successful management of hypertension. This study aimed to identify the perceptions of barriers and facilitators to hypertension management among health system stakeholders in Santander, Colombia. Materials and Methods: We conducted a qualitative, phenomenological, and interpretative study, comprising five focus groups, to explore the barriers and facilitators to managing people with hypertension. Each focus group was formed by stakeholders from territorial entities, healthcare insurers, or healthcare providers. Meetings were held between December 2022 and February 2023. The sessions were recorded and transcribed using NVivo Transcription and analyzed using NVivo version 1.6.1. Results: Seven categories of barriers and facilitators were identified: strategies, resources, access, risk assessment, cross-sector collaboration, articulation, and stewardship. Of these categories, articulation and stewardship emerged as the main barriers, as revealed through axial coding and cluster analysis, which highlighted deficiencies in stewardship practices, a lack of clear objectives, and misalignment with public policy frameworks. Conclusions: Multisectoral actions extending beyond healthcare providers and aimed at improving coordination and intersectoral collaboration are essential for enhancing hypertension control in LMICs, such as Colombia. Addressing social determinants and strengthening primary healthcare through community-based strategies are critical, making stewardship and improved access key priorities.

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Título del artículo:

Predictive models for food security in Latin America: A scoping review

Introduction: Food security in Latin America faces significant challenges due to factors such as climate change, social inequality, and economic instability, highlighting the need for advanced tools for analysis and management. This article reviews the current state of the literature on predictive models applied to food security in Latin America, with an emphasis on the Colombian context during the period 2014-2024. Objective: To describe the methodological approaches, algorithms used, and their practical applications in this field. Materials and Methods: A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines was conducted, which included 65 relevant studies. Results: The findings highlight the predominance of climatic, agricultural, and technological variables, while socioeconomic and health/nutritional categories were underrepresented. The most used algorithms were Random Forest and Artificial Neural Networks, both at 16.9%. The main areas of focus were the sustainable management of natural resources (26.2%), the prediction of agricultural yield (21.54%), and the impacts of climate change and food quality and safety (13.85% each). Conclusions: The integration of broader data categories and developing more robust models are essential to strengthening food security in the region, contributing to sustainable development goals and more effective public policies.

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Archivos Latinoamericanos De Nutricion

Título del artículo:

Scrofuloderma, an Old Acquaintance: A Case Report and Literature Review

Scrofuloderma, a cutaneous manifestation of tuberculosis, is a rare but clinically significant form of mycobacterial infection. It typically results from the local spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from an infected lymph node or bone area to the overlying skin. This disease is mainly characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation, leading to skin ulcers and abscesses. Due to its nonspecific clinical presentation, scrofuloderma can mimic various dermatological conditions, making its diagnosis particularly challenging. This case report presents the clinical course of a patient who was positive for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) with a diagnosis of scrofuloderma, managed at a tertiary healthcare center, with follow-up before and after treatment. A literature review was also made, highlighting the importance of maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion and utilizing appropriate diagnostic methods to ensure timely diagnosis.

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Infectious Disease Reports